Components of pine resin: review of health benefits

Pine resin is an amazing gift of Nature that has enormous healing powers. It is thanks to pine resin that resin extract acquires immunomodulatory, antiseptic, anticarcinogenic, and detox properties. The main component of resin are terpenes, it also contains succinic acid, alcohols, esters, and vitamins C and D.

Terpenes

Terpenes are organic carbohydrates that provide a wide range of medicinal properties:

Antibacterial, antiviral, and antifungal activity. Studies show that under the influence of terpenes, pathogens not only stop multiplying, but also lose their resistance to other antimicrobial remedies. [1]
Anti-inflammatory activity. Terpenes act on inflammatory pathways, thus being a therapeutic and prophylactic agent for a variety of inflammation-associated diseases. [2]
Anticarcinogenic activity. Studies have shown that terpenes slow down the reproduction of cancer cells and contribute to their destruction. [3]

Succinic acid

Succinic acid has the following properties:

Promotes detoxification, as it converts one of the most toxic substances – ammonia – into harmless ammonium succinate.
It is an anti-anxiety substance, reduces stress levels, and eliminates asthenia.[4]
Restores hormonal balance, contributes to the normal production of different hormones.
It is an antioxidant, that is, it reduces the negative effects of oxidative stress on internal organs and skin.

Alcohols and esters

The main effect of these components is antiseptic and healing. They are especially useful when applied externally: thanks to them, pine resin disinfects the skin, and when applied to wounds and scratches, it prevents pathogens from entering, thereby stopping inflammation and speeding up healing. Alcohols and esters are one of the reasons resin extract is effective in treating skin conditions such as acne, dermatitis, and psoriasis.

Vitamins C and D

Vitamin C is perhaps the most famous immunomodulator. This vitamin helps the body fight infectious diseases and helps to strengthen the immune system in both children and adults. In addition, this vitamin is good for the skin: it stimulates the production of collagen and strengthens capillaries, thereby softening the manifestations of couperose and rosacea.

Vitamin D improves the health of bones, gums, teeth, and muscles. It affects the function of the cardiovascular system, prevents dementia, and improves brain activity. Some studies have also shown that vitamin D may be a preventative agent for several types of cancer [5], but the scientists emphasize that more evidence is needed to make firm conclusions.

Due to its unique composition, pine resin has a complex positive effect on human health, improves its physical and psychological well-being, and prevents the development of many diseases.

REFERENCES

[1] Mahizan NA, Yang SK, et al. Terpene Derivatives as a Potential Agent against Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) Pathogens.

[2] Prakash VE. Terpenoids as source of anti-inflammatory compounds

[3] Silva BIM, Nascimento EA, Silva CJ, Silva TG, Aguiar JS. Anticancer activity of monoterpenes: a systematic review.

[4] S.V. Okovity, S.V. Radko. Succinates as fast-acting asthenia correctors

[5] Muñoz A, Grant WB. Vitamin D and Cancer: An Historical Overview of the Epidemiology and Mechanisms. Nutrients.

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